\(\int \frac {(A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx\) [1526]

   Optimal result
   Rubi [A] (verified)
   Mathematica [B] (warning: unable to verify)
   Maple [B] (warning: unable to verify)
   Fricas [F]
   Sympy [F(-1)]
   Maxima [F]
   Giac [F]
   Mupad [F(-1)]

Optimal result

Integrand size = 45, antiderivative size = 412 \[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\frac {2 (a-b) \sqrt {a+b} \left (8 A b^2-10 a b B+3 a^2 (3 A+5 C)\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right )|-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (1+\sec (c+d x))}{a-b}}}{15 a^4 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {a+b} \left (8 A b^2-2 a b (A+5 B)+a^2 (9 A-5 B+15 C)\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right ),-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (1+\sec (c+d x))}{a-b}}}{15 a^3 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 (4 A b-5 a B) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{15 a^2 d}+\frac {2 A \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{5 a d} \]

[Out]

-2/15*(4*A*b-5*B*a)*sec(d*x+c)^(3/2)*sin(d*x+c)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)/a^2/d+2/5*A*sec(d*x+c)^(5/2)*sin(d*x+c)
*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)/a/d+2/15*(a-b)*(8*A*b^2-10*B*a*b+3*a^2*(3*A+5*C))*csc(d*x+c)*EllipticE((a+b*cos(d*x+c)
)^(1/2)/(a+b)^(1/2)/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2),((-a-b)/(a-b))^(1/2))*(a+b)^(1/2)*cos(d*x+c)^(1/2)*(a*(1-sec(d*x+c))/(a+b
))^(1/2)*(a*(1+sec(d*x+c))/(a-b))^(1/2)/a^4/d/sec(d*x+c)^(1/2)-2/15*(8*A*b^2-2*a*b*(A+5*B)+a^2*(9*A-5*B+15*C))
*csc(d*x+c)*EllipticF((a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)/(a+b)^(1/2)/cos(d*x+c)^(1/2),((-a-b)/(a-b))^(1/2))*(a+b)^(1/2)*co
s(d*x+c)^(1/2)*(a*(1-sec(d*x+c))/(a+b))^(1/2)*(a*(1+sec(d*x+c))/(a-b))^(1/2)/a^3/d/sec(d*x+c)^(1/2)

Rubi [A] (verified)

Time = 1.23 (sec) , antiderivative size = 412, normalized size of antiderivative = 1.00, number of steps used = 6, number of rules used = 5, \(\frac {\text {number of rules}}{\text {integrand size}}\) = 0.111, Rules used = {4306, 3134, 3077, 2895, 3073} \[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=-\frac {2 (4 A b-5 a B) \sin (c+d x) \sec ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{15 a^2 d}+\frac {2 (a-b) \sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) \left (3 a^2 (3 A+5 C)-10 a b B+8 A b^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (\sec (c+d x)+1)}{a-b}} E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right )|-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right )}{15 a^4 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) \left (a^2 (9 A-5 B+15 C)-2 a b (A+5 B)+8 A b^2\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (\sec (c+d x)+1)}{a-b}} \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right ),-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right )}{15 a^3 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}+\frac {2 A \sin (c+d x) \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{5 a d} \]

[In]

Int[((A + B*Cos[c + d*x] + C*Cos[c + d*x]^2)*Sec[c + d*x]^(7/2))/Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]],x]

[Out]

(2*(a - b)*Sqrt[a + b]*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]]*Csc[c + d*x]*EllipticE[ArcS
in[Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]/(Sqrt[a + b]*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]])], -((a + b)/(a - b))]*Sqrt[(a*(1 - Sec[c + d*x]))
/(a + b)]*Sqrt[(a*(1 + Sec[c + d*x]))/(a - b)])/(15*a^4*d*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) - (2*Sqrt[a + b]*(8*A*b^2 - 2*a*
b*(A + 5*B) + a^2*(9*A - 5*B + 15*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]]*Csc[c + d*x]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]
]/(Sqrt[a + b]*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]])], -((a + b)/(a - b))]*Sqrt[(a*(1 - Sec[c + d*x]))/(a + b)]*Sqrt[(a*(1 + Sec
[c + d*x]))/(a - b)])/(15*a^3*d*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) - (2*(4*A*b - 5*a*B)*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sec[c + d*x]
^(3/2)*Sin[c + d*x])/(15*a^2*d) + (2*A*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sec[c + d*x]^(5/2)*Sin[c + d*x])/(5*a*d)

Rule 2895

Int[1/(Sqrt[(d_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]]*Sqrt[(a_) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-2*(
Tan[e + f*x]/(a*f))*Rt[(a + b)/d, 2]*Sqrt[a*((1 - Csc[e + f*x])/(a + b))]*Sqrt[a*((1 + Csc[e + f*x])/(a - b))]
*EllipticF[ArcSin[Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]]/Sqrt[d*Sin[e + f*x]]/Rt[(a + b)/d, 2]], -(a + b)/(a - b)], x] /; Fr
eeQ[{a, b, d, e, f}, x] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && PosQ[(a + b)/d]

Rule 3073

Int[((A_) + (B_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])/(((b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(3/2)*Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.)
+ (f_.)*(x_)]]), x_Symbol] :> Simp[-2*A*(c - d)*(Tan[e + f*x]/(f*b*c^2))*Rt[(c + d)/b, 2]*Sqrt[c*((1 + Csc[e +
 f*x])/(c - d))]*Sqrt[c*((1 - Csc[e + f*x])/(c + d))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Sqrt[c + d*Sin[e + f*x]]/Sqrt[b*Sin[e +
 f*x]]/Rt[(c + d)/b, 2]], -(c + d)/(c - d)], x] /; FreeQ[{b, c, d, e, f, A, B}, x] && NeQ[c^2 - d^2, 0] && EqQ
[A, B] && PosQ[(c + d)/b]

Rule 3077

Int[((A_.) + (B_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])/(((a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(3/2)*Sqrt[(c_) + (d_.)*s
in[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]]), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(A - B)/(a - b), Int[1/(Sqrt[a + b*Sin[e + f*x]]*Sqrt[c + d*Sin[e
+ f*x]]), x], x] - Dist[(A*b - a*B)/(a - b), Int[(1 + Sin[e + f*x])/((a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^(3/2)*Sqrt[c + d*Sin
[e + f*x]]), x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, A, B}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2
 - d^2, 0] && NeQ[A, B]

Rule 3134

Int[((a_.) + (b_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(m_)*((c_.) + (d_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)])^(n_)*((A_.) + (B_.)*s
in[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)] + (C_.)*sin[(e_.) + (f_.)*(x_)]^2), x_Symbol] :> Simp[(-(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C))*Cos[e
+ f*x]*(a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^(m + 1)*((c + d*Sin[e + f*x])^(n + 1)/(f*(m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(a^2 - b^2))), x] + D
ist[1/((m + 1)*(b*c - a*d)*(a^2 - b^2)), Int[(a + b*Sin[e + f*x])^(m + 1)*(c + d*Sin[e + f*x])^n*Simp[(m + 1)*
(b*c - a*d)*(a*A - b*B + a*C) + d*(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C)*(m + n + 2) - (c*(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C) + (m + 1)*(
b*c - a*d)*(A*b - a*B + b*C))*Sin[e + f*x] - d*(A*b^2 - a*b*B + a^2*C)*(m + n + 3)*Sin[e + f*x]^2, x], x], x]
/; FreeQ[{a, b, c, d, e, f, A, B, C, n}, x] && NeQ[b*c - a*d, 0] && NeQ[a^2 - b^2, 0] && NeQ[c^2 - d^2, 0] &&
LtQ[m, -1] && ((EqQ[a, 0] && IntegerQ[m] &&  !IntegerQ[n]) ||  !(IntegerQ[2*n] && LtQ[n, -1] && ((IntegerQ[n]
&&  !IntegerQ[m]) || EqQ[a, 0])))

Rule 4306

Int[(u_)*((c_.)*sec[(a_.) + (b_.)*(x_)])^(m_.), x_Symbol] :> Dist[(c*Sec[a + b*x])^m*(c*Cos[a + b*x])^m, Int[A
ctivateTrig[u]/(c*Cos[a + b*x])^m, x], x] /; FreeQ[{a, b, c, m}, x] &&  !IntegerQ[m] && KnownSineIntegrandQ[u,
 x]

Rubi steps \begin{align*} \text {integral}& = \left (\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}\right ) \int \frac {A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx \\ & = \frac {2 A \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{5 a d}+\frac {\left (2 \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}\right ) \int \frac {\frac {1}{2} (-4 A b+5 a B)+\frac {1}{2} a (3 A+5 C) \cos (c+d x)+A b \cos ^2(c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx}{5 a} \\ & = -\frac {2 (4 A b-5 a B) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{15 a^2 d}+\frac {2 A \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{5 a d}+\frac {\left (4 \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}\right ) \int \frac {\frac {1}{4} \left (8 A b^2-10 a b B+3 a^2 (3 A+5 C)\right )+\frac {1}{4} a (2 A b+5 a B) \cos (c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx}{15 a^2} \\ & = -\frac {2 (4 A b-5 a B) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{15 a^2 d}+\frac {2 A \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{5 a d}+\frac {\left (\left (-8 A b^2+2 a b (A+5 B)-a^2 (9 A-5 (B-3 C))\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}\right ) \int \frac {1}{\sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx}{15 a^2}-\frac {\left (\left (-8 A b^2+10 a b B-3 a^2 (3 A+5 C)\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}\right ) \int \frac {1+\cos (c+d x)}{\cos ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx}{15 a^2} \\ & = \frac {2 (a-b) \sqrt {a+b} \left (8 A b^2-10 a b B+3 a^2 (3 A+5 C)\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) E\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right )|-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (1+\sec (c+d x))}{a-b}}}{15 a^4 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 \sqrt {a+b} \left (8 A b^2-2 a b (A+5 B)+a^2 (9 A-5 B+15 C)\right ) \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)} \csc (c+d x) \operatorname {EllipticF}\left (\arcsin \left (\frac {\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}}{\sqrt {a+b} \sqrt {\cos (c+d x)}}\right ),-\frac {a+b}{a-b}\right ) \sqrt {\frac {a (1-\sec (c+d x))}{a+b}} \sqrt {\frac {a (1+\sec (c+d x))}{a-b}}}{15 a^3 d \sqrt {\sec (c+d x)}}-\frac {2 (4 A b-5 a B) \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {3}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{15 a^2 d}+\frac {2 A \sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)} \sec ^{\frac {5}{2}}(c+d x) \sin (c+d x)}{5 a d} \\ \end{align*}

Mathematica [B] (warning: unable to verify)

Leaf count is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(3208\) vs. \(2(412)=824\).

Time = 23.05 (sec) , antiderivative size = 3208, normalized size of antiderivative = 7.79 \[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\text {Result too large to show} \]

[In]

Integrate[((A + B*Cos[c + d*x] + C*Cos[c + d*x]^2)*Sec[c + d*x]^(7/2))/Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]],x]

[Out]

(Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]*((2*(9*a^2*A + 8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 15*a^2*C)*Sin[c + d*x])/(15*a
^3) + (2*Sec[c + d*x]*(-4*A*b*Sin[c + d*x] + 5*a*B*Sin[c + d*x]))/(15*a^2) + (2*A*Sec[c + d*x]*Tan[c + d*x])/(
5*a)))/d + (2*((-3*A)/(5*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) - (8*A*b^2)/(15*a^2*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d
*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) + (2*b*B)/(3*a*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) - C/(Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d
*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]]) - (7*A*b*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(15*a*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) - (8*A*b^3*Sqrt[Sec[c +
d*x]])/(15*a^3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) + (B*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) + (2*b^2*B*Sqrt
[Sec[c + d*x]])/(3*a^2*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) - (b*C*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(a*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) - (3*
A*b*Cos[2*(c + d*x)]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(5*a*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) - (8*A*b^3*Cos[2*(c + d*x)]*Sqrt[Sec[c
 + d*x]])/(15*a^3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]) + (2*b^2*B*Cos[2*(c + d*x)]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(3*a^2*Sqrt[a + b*
Cos[c + d*x]]) - (b*C*Cos[2*(c + d*x)]*Sqrt[Sec[c + d*x]])/(a*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]))*Sqrt[Cos[(c + d*x)/2]
^2*Sec[c + d*x]]*(-2*(a + b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sq
rt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] +
2*a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9*A + 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Co
s[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] - (8*A*b^2 - 1
0*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Cos[c + d*x]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]))/(15*a^3*d
*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2]*((b*Sqrt[Cos[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sec[c + d*x]]*Sin[c + d*x]*(-2*
(a + b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x
])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] + 2*a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*
(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9*A + 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*
(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] - (8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A
+ 5*C))*Cos[c + d*x]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]))/(15*a^3*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])^(
3/2)*Sqrt[Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2]) - (Sqrt[Cos[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sec[c + d*x]]*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]*(-2*(a + b)*(8*A*b^2
- 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 +
Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] + 2*a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(
9*A + 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]
))]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] - (8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Cos[c + d
*x]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]))/(15*a^3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[(c +
d*x)/2]^2]) + (2*Sqrt[Cos[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sec[c + d*x]]*(-1/2*((8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Cos[c +
 d*x]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^4) - ((a + b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[(a + b
*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)]*((Cos[c + d
*x]*Sin[c + d*x])/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])^2 - Sin[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])))/Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x]
)] + (a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9*A + 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c +
d*x]))]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)]*((Cos[c + d*x]*Sin[c + d*x])/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])^
2 - Sin[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])))/Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])] - ((a + b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3
*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)]*
(-((b*Sin[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))) + ((a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sin[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c +
d*x])^2)))/Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))] + (a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9*A
+ 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*EllipticF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)]*(-
((b*Sin[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))) + ((a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sin[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*
x])^2)))/Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))] + b*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*
Cos[c + d*x]*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sin[c + d*x]*Tan[(c + d*x)/2] + (8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*(a +
b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sin[c + d*x]*Tan[(c + d*x)/2] - (8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Co
s[c + d*x]*(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]^2 + (a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9
*A + 5*(B + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x])
)]*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2)/(Sqrt[1 - Tan[(c + d*x)/2]^2]*Sqrt[1 - ((-a + b)*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]^2)/(a + b)]) - ((a +
b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((
a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Sqrt[1 - ((-a + b)*Tan[(c + d*x)/2]^2)/(a + b)])/Sqrt[1 - Tan[(
c + d*x)/2]^2]))/(15*a^3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2]) + ((-2*(a + b)*(8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B
 + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*
x]))]*EllipticE[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] + 2*a*(8*A*b^2 + 2*a*b*(A - 5*B) + a^2*(9*A + 5*(B
 + 3*C)))*Sqrt[Cos[c + d*x]/(1 + Cos[c + d*x])]*Sqrt[(a + b*Cos[c + d*x])/((a + b)*(1 + Cos[c + d*x]))]*Ellipt
icF[ArcSin[Tan[(c + d*x)/2]], (-a + b)/(a + b)] - (8*A*b^2 - 10*a*b*B + 3*a^2*(3*A + 5*C))*Cos[c + d*x]*(a + b
*Cos[c + d*x])*Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2*Tan[(c + d*x)/2])*(-(Cos[(c + d*x)/2]*Sec[c + d*x]*Sin[(c + d*x)/2]) + Cos[(
c + d*x)/2]^2*Sec[c + d*x]*Tan[c + d*x]))/(15*a^3*Sqrt[a + b*Cos[c + d*x]]*Sqrt[Sec[(c + d*x)/2]^2]*Sqrt[Cos[(
c + d*x)/2]^2*Sec[c + d*x]])))

Maple [B] (warning: unable to verify)

Leaf count of result is larger than twice the leaf count of optimal. \(3979\) vs. \(2(372)=744\).

Time = 13.22 (sec) , antiderivative size = 3980, normalized size of antiderivative = 9.66

method result size
parts \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) \(3980\)
default \(\text {Expression too large to display}\) \(4211\)

[In]

int((A+B*cos(d*x+c)+C*cos(d*x+c)^2)*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2),x,method=_RETURNVERBOSE)

[Out]

-2/15*A/d/a^3*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(1+cos(d*x+c))/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*(-3*a^3*cos(d*x+c)*sin(d*x+c)-8*b^3*cos(d
*x+c)^4*sin(d*x+c)-4*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^3*sin(d*x+c)+a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^2*sin(d*x+c)-9*a^3*sin(d*x+c)*cos(d*x+c)^3
-16*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc
(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*b^3*cos(d*x+c)^4+9*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(
1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^3+4*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+c
os(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b
))^(1/2))*a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^4+16*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1
/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^4-18*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1
/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^2*
b*cos(d*x+c)^4-16*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(
cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^4+2*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a
+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^3+
8*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d
*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^3-9*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(
1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^3-8*(cos(d*x+c)/(1
+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a
+b))^(1/2))*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^3+a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^3*sin(d*x+c)-3*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^2*sin(d*x+c)-9*EllipticE(cot(d*x
+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)
))^(1/2)*a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^5-8*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/
(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^5+2*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(
-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a^2*b*c
os(d*x+c)^5+8*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^
(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^5-9*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*c
os(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^3-8*(cos
(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),
(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*b^3*cos(d*x+c)^3+18*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d
*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^4-18*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x
+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/
2))*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^4-9*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(
d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^5-8*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a
+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*b^3*cos(d*x+c)^5
+9*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(
d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a^3*cos(d*x+c)^5+4*a*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^4*sin(d*x+c)-9*a^2*b*cos(d*x+c)^4*sin(d*x+c))
-2/3*B/d/a^2*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(1+cos(d*x+c))/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2)*((cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b
)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^2*cos(d*x+c)^
5-2*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc
(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b*cos(d*x+c)^5+2*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(
1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b*cos(d*x+c)^5+2*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+c
os(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b
))^(1/2))*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^5+2*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)
*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a^2*cos(d*x+c)^4-4*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1
/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b*cos(d*
x+c)^4+4*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c
)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b*cos(d*x+c)^4+4*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+
c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^4+EllipticF(cot
(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*
x+c)))^(1/2)*a^2*cos(d*x+c)^3-2*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c)
)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*a*b*cos(d*x+c)^3+2*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(
d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a*b*cos
(d*x+c)^3+2*(1/(a+b)*(a+b*cos(d*x+c))/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*(cos(d*x+c)/(1+cos(d*x+c)))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*
x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^3-a*b*cos(d*x+c)^4*sin(d*x+c)+2*b^2*cos(d*x+c)^4*sin(d*x+
c)-a^2*sin(d*x+c)*cos(d*x+c)^3+a*b*cos(d*x+c)^3*sin(d*x+c)-a^2*cos(d*x+c)^2*sin(d*x+c))-2*C/d/a*(-(-(1-cos(d*x
+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1)^(1/2)*((a*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-b*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+a+b)/(a+b))^(1/
2)*EllipticF(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a+(-(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1)^(1/2)*((a*(1-cos
(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-b*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+a+b)/(a+b))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a
-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*a+(-(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1)^(1/2)*((a*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-b*(1-cos(d*x+c)
)^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+a+b)/(a+b))^(1/2)*EllipticE(cot(d*x+c)-csc(d*x+c),(-(a-b)/(a+b))^(1/2))*b+(1-cos(d*x+c))^3*a*
csc(d*x+c)^3-(1-cos(d*x+c))^3*b*csc(d*x+c)^3+a*(-cot(d*x+c)+csc(d*x+c))+b*(-cot(d*x+c)+csc(d*x+c)))*((a*(1-cos
(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-b*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+a+b)/((1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1))^(1/2)*((1-cos(
d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-1)^3*(-((1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1)/((1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-1))^(7/2)/(a*(1
-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2-b*(1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+a+b)/((1-cos(d*x+c))^2*csc(d*x+c)^2+1)^3

Fricas [F]

\[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (C \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + B \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + A\right )} \sec \left (d x + c\right )^{\frac {7}{2}}}{\sqrt {b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate((A+B*cos(d*x+c)+C*cos(d*x+c)^2)*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2),x, algorithm="fricas")

[Out]

integral((C*cos(d*x + c)^2 + B*cos(d*x + c) + A)*sec(d*x + c)^(7/2)/sqrt(b*cos(d*x + c) + a), x)

Sympy [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\text {Timed out} \]

[In]

integrate((A+B*cos(d*x+c)+C*cos(d*x+c)**2)*sec(d*x+c)**(7/2)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))**(1/2),x)

[Out]

Timed out

Maxima [F]

\[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (C \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + B \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + A\right )} \sec \left (d x + c\right )^{\frac {7}{2}}}{\sqrt {b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate((A+B*cos(d*x+c)+C*cos(d*x+c)^2)*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2),x, algorithm="maxima")

[Out]

integrate((C*cos(d*x + c)^2 + B*cos(d*x + c) + A)*sec(d*x + c)^(7/2)/sqrt(b*cos(d*x + c) + a), x)

Giac [F]

\[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int { \frac {{\left (C \cos \left (d x + c\right )^{2} + B \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + A\right )} \sec \left (d x + c\right )^{\frac {7}{2}}}{\sqrt {b \cos \left (d x + c\right ) + a}} \,d x } \]

[In]

integrate((A+B*cos(d*x+c)+C*cos(d*x+c)^2)*sec(d*x+c)^(7/2)/(a+b*cos(d*x+c))^(1/2),x, algorithm="giac")

[Out]

integrate((C*cos(d*x + c)^2 + B*cos(d*x + c) + A)*sec(d*x + c)^(7/2)/sqrt(b*cos(d*x + c) + a), x)

Mupad [F(-1)]

Timed out. \[ \int \frac {\left (A+B \cos (c+d x)+C \cos ^2(c+d x)\right ) \sec ^{\frac {7}{2}}(c+d x)}{\sqrt {a+b \cos (c+d x)}} \, dx=\int \frac {{\left (\frac {1}{\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}\right )}^{7/2}\,\left (C\,{\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}^2+B\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )+A\right )}{\sqrt {a+b\,\cos \left (c+d\,x\right )}} \,d x \]

[In]

int(((1/cos(c + d*x))^(7/2)*(A + B*cos(c + d*x) + C*cos(c + d*x)^2))/(a + b*cos(c + d*x))^(1/2),x)

[Out]

int(((1/cos(c + d*x))^(7/2)*(A + B*cos(c + d*x) + C*cos(c + d*x)^2))/(a + b*cos(c + d*x))^(1/2), x)